The two arch rivals regularly accuse each other of spying and promoting insurgency in each other's territory.
The newly elected Prime Minister of Pakistan had earlier also expressed his desire to improve relations with India.
But analysts say Pakistan, which is one-sixth the size of India, has few options to pull through.
Zahid Hussain, a journalist and author writing for the country's leading English-language newspaper Dawn, said Modi's “election campaign was centred on anti-Muslim and anti-Pakistan rhetoric.”
“Modi's campaign has made it abundantly clear that under his rule, Muslims will be politically disempowered, economically marginalised and deprived of their constitutional rights,” he said after casting his vote.