Iran said more than 150 people were killed in the attack on a primary school in the southern city of Minab.
The Times said US Central Command officials created target coordinates for the attack using old data provided by the Defense Intelligence Agency.
It said investigators were still looking into why old information was used in planning the attack and who failed to verify the data.
The newspaper said the school is on the same block as buildings used by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Navy and that the school site was originally part of the base.
It said the school building was closed from the base between 2013 and 2016.
AFP is unable to reach the location of the attack and independently confirm the circumstances surrounding it or the toll reported by Iranian media.
President Massoud Pezeshkian blamed the United States and Israel for the attack.
Israel has consistently denied involvement in or knowledge of the attack, and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said last fall that the United States would not intentionally target any school.