The 22-year-old Jaiswal, playing his sixth Test, surpassed his previous Test best of 171 runs with the help of 17 fours and five sixes in his debut Test in West Indies last year.
Bashir had Axar caught at backward point for his second wicket as he bowled disciplined form to showcase his variety and cleverness in his seventh first-class match.
The bowler arrived in India late due to visa delays – the latest cricketer of Pakistani origin to face such trouble in India – and missed the opening match of the series.
Debutant Rajat Patidar made 32 before being bowled by Ahmed as the ball rolled onto the stumps with backspin in the batsman’s forward defensive stroke.
Hartley, who returned figures of 7-62 in England’s 28-run win in Hyderabad, had Shreyas Iyer sent back for 27 despite the end of play in the second session.